C# - Passing User Controls As Variables?

I am writing what i will call a survey system. The surveys will consist of a series of questions, split into sections. The survey definitions will be stored in a database. The questions can be of various types, that have different input methods and validation (e.g.textbox, numeric textbox, selectlist etc.) I am creating a set of user controls that map to different question types. I would like to completely abstract the survey rendering logic from the, survey definition logic. The way i thought i would do this is to use a dumb rendering control that simply takes a collection of controls and renders them out in a for each loop a super simplified version of what I am doing.

private void RenderControls()
{
foreach (UserControl CurrentControl in this.ControlsToRender)
{
MyPlaceholder.Controls.Add(CurrentControl)
}
}

This works in the sense that the correct controls get added to the place holder,however nothing renders. Presumably this is because it does not have the markup in the asxc file.

If i do something like this

private void RenderControls()
{
foreach (UserControl CurrentControl in this.ControlsToRender)
{
MyPlaceholder.Controls.Add(this.LoadControl("path to ascx file")
}
}

It will create the correct number of controls, but i don't want to instantiate the controls here because i would need to to set various properties based on cconditional logic i want to abstract away from this pure rendering layer.

what i want to do is instantiate the controls else where, set the relevant properties and then simply pass a collection of these into the rendering control to render out.

Is there a way to do this with user controls? Would i have to create custom controls instead?